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Ding Xiang in TCM:

Alternate Forms:
• Ding Xiang Pi (Cortex Caryophylli) the bark from the same plant as Ding Xiang, it is used to dispel cold and relieve pain.
• Mu Ding Xiang (Fructus Caryophylli) is derived from the fruit of the same plant. It has the same functions as Ding Xiang but is longer lasting. It was first mentioned in the Ming Yi Za Zhu (Miscelleneous Records of Famous Physicians by Tao Hong-Jing in 500 A.D.)

• Warms the middle jiao, reverses rising stomach qi; alleviates pain (hiccups, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, SP and ST def. cold with lack of appetite, abdominal fullness and distension caused by cold, epigastric and abdominal pain caused by cold, promotes digestion by increasing bile and acid secretion).
• Warms the KD; assists yang (vaginal discharge due to cold in uterus, cold body and cold extremities, impotence, soreness of back and knees). To treat Kidney Yang deficiency combine Ding Xiang with Fu Zi, Rou Gui, and Ba Ji Tian.

Special Notes:
• For cold in epigastric and abdominal areas causing pain combine with Rou Gui and Gan Jiang [6]. For nausea and vomiting due to stomach cold combine it with Ban Xia and Sheng Jiang [6].
• For hiccups due to stomach cold add Shi Di (Calys Kaki)[6]. For hiccups due to cold and deficiency combine with Ren Shen or Dang Shen [6].
• For morning sickness in pregnant women combine it with Ren Shen and Huo Xiang[6]
• Fir diarrhea due to stomach cold and deficiency combine it with Ren Shen, Gan Jiang, Bai Zhu, and Rou Dou Kou [6].
• 31 patients had excellent results treating fungal infection with an herbal tincture applied to the affected area 3 times / day for 2-3 days. To make the tincture soak 15g of ding xiang in 100 mL of 70% alcohol for 48 hours [6].
• Antiobiotic: May inhibit Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella typhi, Cornebacterium diptheriae, Bacillus dysenteriae, E. coli, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylociccus aureus [6]
• Antitoxin: May help relieve toxicity of Potassium Cyanide and Sodium Nitrate [6]
• Essential Oil of Ding Xiang may relieve asthma for up to 6 hours [6].

• (cc: antagonistic with yu jin)
• (cc: interior heat with yin deficiency)
• (cc: febrile disorders)
• (cc: potential side effects include dizziness, palpitations, chest oppression, perspiration, headache, skin rash, and decreased blood pressure) [6]